2012年江苏扬州M 4.9地震前地磁垂直分量日变双低点异常     

郭明瑞  胡久常  吴佳林  王桂丹  王锡娇  崔泽岩 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,39(3):89-93

2012年6月13日和7月10日华东地区部分地磁台垂直分量日变形态出现双低点异常，首次异常出现后37天，于7月20日发生江苏扬州M 4.9地震，震中位于低点位移分界线附近。分析认为，在强震前由于应力变化，引起孕震体环境中介质电导率等电磁性质发生改变，区域地磁场垂直分量日变曲线出现相位和幅度变化，说明地磁垂直分量日变双低点异常与地震的孕育和发生相关。  相似文献   

Retrieving volume FeO and TiO_2 abundances of lunar regolith with CE-2 CELMS data using BPNN method     

Cai Liu  Hong-Yan Sun  Zhi-Guo Meng  Yong-Chun Zheng  Yu Lu  Zhan-Chuan Cai  Jin-Song Ping  Alexander Gusev  Shuo Hu 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2019,(5)

The volume FeO and TiO_2 abundances(FTAs) of lunar regolith can be more important for understanding the geological evolution of the Moon compared to the optical and gamma-ray results. In this paper, the volume FTAs are retrieved with microwave sounder(CELMS) data from the Chang'E-2 satellite using the back propagation neural network(BPNN) method. Firstly, a three-layered BPNN network with five-dimensional input is constructed by taking nonlinearity into account. Then, the brightness temperature(TB) and surface slope are set as the inputs and the volume FTAs are set as the outputs of the BPNN network.Thereafter, the BPNN network is trained with the corresponding parameters collected from Apollo, Luna,and Surveyor missions. Finally, the volume FTAs are retrieved with the trained BPNN network using the four-channel TBderived from the CELMS data and the surface slope estimated from Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter(LOLA) data. The rationality of the retrieved FTAs is verified by comparing with the Clementine UV-VIS results and Lunar Prospector(LP) GRS results. The retrieved volume FTAs enable us to re-evaluate the geological features of the lunar surface. Several important results are as follows. Firstly, very-low-Ti(1.5 wt.%) basalts are the most spatially abundant, and the surfaces with TiO_2 5 wt.% constitute less than 10% of the maria. Also, two linear relationships occur between the FeO abundance(FA) and the TiO_2 abundance before and after the threshold, 16 wt.% for FA. Secondly, a new perspective on mare volcanism is derived with the volume FTAs in several important mare basins, although this conclusion should be verified with more sources of data. Thirdly, FTAs in the lunar regolith change with depth to the uppermost surface,and the change is complex over the lunar surface. Finally, the distribution of volume FTAs hints that the highlands crust is probably homogeneous, at least in terms of the microwave thermophysical parameters.  相似文献   

A-FPN算法及其在遥感图像船舶检测中的应用     

于野  艾华  贺小军  于树海  钟兴  朱瑞飞 《遥感学报》2020,24(2):107-115

光学遥感图像船舶检测主要面临两个挑战:光学遥感图像背景复杂,船舶检测易受海浪、云雾及陆地建筑等多方面干扰;遥感图像分辨率低,船舶目标小,对于其分类与定位带来很大困难;针对上述问题,在FPN的基础上,提出一种融入显著性特征的卷积神经网络模型A-FPN (Attention-Based Feature Pyramid Networks)。首先,利用卷积提取图像特征金字塔;然后,利用顶层金字塔逐级构建显著特征层,抑制背景信息,通过金字塔顶层的细粒度特征提高浅层特征的表达能力,构建自上而下的多级显著特征映射结构;最后利用Softmax分类器进行多层级船舶检测。A-FPN模型利用显著性机制引导不同感受下的特征进行融合,提高了模型的分辨能力,对遥感图像处理领域具有重要应用价值。实验阶段,利用公开的遥感目标检测数据集NWPU VHR-10中的船舶样本进行测试,准确率为92.8%,表明A-FPN模型适用于遥感图像船舶检测。  相似文献   

FY-3D/MERSI-II全球火点监测产品及其应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑伟  陈洁  闫华  刘诚  唐世浩 《遥感学报》2020,24(5):521-530

FY-3D/MERSI-II全球火点监测产品主要包括全球范围内的火点位置、亚像元火点面积和火点强度等信息,可用于实时监测全球范围的森林草原火灾、秸秆焚烧等生物质燃烧状况。火点判识算法主要根据中红外通道对高温热源的敏感特性,即含有火点的中红外通道像元辐亮度和亮温较远红外通道的辐亮度和亮温偏高,同时较周边非火点的中红外像元偏高,建立合适的阈值可探测含有火点的像元。亚像元火点面积估算主要使用中红外单通道估算,根据亚像元火点面积估算结果对火点强度进行分级,不同的级别表示不同程度的火点辐射强度。基于全球火点自动判识结果,每日生成0.01°分辨率的卫星遥感日全球火点产品,每月生产0.25°×0.25°格点的全球月火点密度图。在利用FY-3D/MERSI-II火点产品开展的全球火点监测应用中,对多起全球重大野火事件进行了监测,为防灾减灾、全球气候变化研究、生态环境保护等方面提供卫星遥感信息支持。  相似文献   

木本植被覆盖岸坡上波浪爬升过程的数值模拟研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

徐海珏  胡萍  白玉川  杨波 《海洋学报》2020,42(3):10-24

近岸木本植物构成的生态缓冲带作为新型的海岸软防护结构，兼具功能性和生态友好性，在沿海工程建设中愈发受到关注，如何深入开展其防护效果的机理研究是目前亟待解决的问题。本文采用数值模拟方法，在N-S方程中分别考虑树枝和树干的拖曳力影响，提出了木本植被作用下波浪沿斜坡爬升的表面波衰减的连续介质等效模型，并采用MAC法来跟踪自由曲面上的水颗粒轨迹。本文以波浪沿1/30的斜坡爬升为算例，对比讨论了有无植被作用下波浪的传播过程，并将算例结果与以往试验结果规律进行对照，验证了数值模型的有效性。最后，分别讨论了植物枝干的高度、密度、树枝倾斜角度等植被特性和波浪因素对植被消浪效果的影响，得到植被消浪的基本规律。文中的计算结果也可为实际的护岸工程和生态景观设计提供参考。  相似文献   

中尺度暖涡对热带气旋强度变化的影响及作用机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙佳  王桂华  熊学军  回贞立  胡筱敏  凌征  于龙  杨光兵  郭延良  鞠霞  陈亮 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(8):1-2

基于两组理想化数值试验，对比研究了分布于热带气旋不同位置处的海洋中尺度暖涡所引发的热带气旋强度变化的时空特征。研究发现，热带气旋中心附近的暖涡对热带气旋强度有增强作用，而位于热带气旋外围的暖涡则会抑制热带气旋的发展。本研究将暖涡增强（减弱）热带气旋强度的区域称为内（外）区。随着时间的推移，内（外）区暖涡对热带气旋强度的增强（减弱）幅度逐渐减小（增大），区域范围同步减小（增大）。内区暖涡增强了热带气旋的次级环流和结构对称性、增加了海气界面热通量，同时减弱了外围螺旋雨带，进而导致热带气旋强度增强；若暖涡在外区，其对热带气旋的作用相反，导致热带气旋强度减弱。由于理想化试验中热带气旋静止不动，因此研究结果可能只适用于传播速度较慢的热带气旋。本研究结果有助于更好地理解热带气旋和海洋中尺度暖涡之间的相互作用，并通过引入热带气旋外区暖涡的影响助力提高热带气旋强度预报工作。  相似文献   

渤海海域浮游病毒和浮游细菌的丰度变化与环境因子之间的耦联关系     

王彩霞  吴霖  王毅波  Paterson James S.  Mitchell James G.  胡晓珂 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(6):72-83

Uncovering the role of environmental factors and finding critical factors which harbor significant fractions in governing microbial communities remain key questions in coastal marine systems. To detect the interactions between environmental factors and distributions of virio-and bacterioplankton in trophic coastal areas, we used flow cytometry to investigate the abundance of virio-and bacterioplankton covering 31 stations in the Bohai Sea of China. Our results suggested that the average abundance of total virus(TV) in winter(～2.29×10~8 particles/mL)was slightly lower than in summer(～3.83×10~8 particles/mL). The mean total bacterial abundance(TB) was much lower in winter(～2.54×107 particles/mL) than in summer(～5.43×10~7 particles/mL). Correlation analysis via redundancy analysis(RDA) and network analysis among virioplankton, bacterioplankton and environmental factors revealed that the abundances of viral and bacterial subpopulations depend on environmental factors. In winter, only temperature significantly influenced the abundances of virio-and bacterioplankton. In summer, in addition to temperature, both salinity and nutrient(SiO_2) had a remarkable impact on the distribution of virioand bacterioplankton. Our results showed a clear seasonal and trophic pattern throughout the whole water system, which revealed that temperature and eutrophication may play crucial roles in microbial distribution pattern.  相似文献   

Analysis of resistance factors for LRFD of soil nail pullout limit state using default FHWA load and resistance models     

Hui Hu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(3):332-348

Abstract

Resistance factors for load and resistance factor design (LRFD) of pullout limit state of both permanent and temporary soil nails are calibrated against a wide design space using the current Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) nail load and resistance models. The calculated resistance factors were shown to scatter broadly among design scenarios that differ in wall face batter, soil friction angle, nail ultimate bond strength, and surcharge live load. An important lesson learned from the analysis results is that the current practice of using a single resistance factor for LRFD of nail pullout limit state could not result in uniform reliabilities across different design scenarios. Simple artificial neural network (ANN) models were developed for computation of resistance factors. Design examples demonstrated the ability of the ANN models in providing resistance factors that yield satisfactory and consistent reliabilities in different nail pullout designs.  相似文献   

Effect of different registration methods on precision of orientation based on RTK registration/georeferencing mode     

Shengming Hu  Zhijian Chen  Chenghui Wan  Chun Tang  Wen Xiong 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(4):385-392

Abstract

Compared with traditional methods, the three-dimensional laser-scanning (3D-LS) technique can efficiently acquire many high-quality geometric properties of rock discontinuities. In practice, engineers usually prefer to simplify the processing by using single-station point data and roughly orienting owing to the complexity of registration/georeferencing multi-station point data. However, prior published studies have paid little attention to the accuracy and reliability when determining discontinuity orientations using 3D-LS. We propose a reliable and accurate method with robust on-site applicability. As part of an ongoing effort, we are evaluating the precision of the commonly used coarse registration method and the fine registration method, and promoted the optimized coarse- and fine-registration methods and evaluated their precision. It is found that: (1) the common and the optimized registration method can meet our project’s engineering requirements, and the optimized registration method improved accuracy in the dip direction by approximately 1°; (2) fine registration using an iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm can correct both dip direction and dip angle; and (3) the orientation is of high precision with commonly used coarse and fine registration, whereas the optimization effect to correct the orientation is slightly limited.  相似文献   

Dynamic characteristics of marine soft clay under variable phase difference and initial static shear stress     

Wenqian Dong  Xiuqing Hu  Hongtao Fu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(7):770-785

Abstract

Under seismic loading, the soil layer is subjected to multidirectional cyclic shear stress with different amplitudes and frequencies because of the coupling of multiple shear waves and the soil element within a slope or behind a retaining wall is subjected to initial static shear stress before subjected to cyclic loading. Due to the complexity of seismic loading propagation, a phase difference exists between the initial static shear stress and cyclic shear stress. To investigate the influence of the phase difference and initial static shear stress on cyclic shear strain, cyclic modulus, and cyclic strength, a series of laboratory tests are performed on Wenzhou marine soft clay by multi-directional simple shear system, which can simulate the actual state better by controlling the horizontal cyclic stress in the x and y directions simultaneously. As the phase difference varies from 0° to 90°, the dynamic shear modulus increases and cyclic strain accumulation decreases with an increasing number of cycles. The shear strain increases with the initial shear stress.  相似文献